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As it is not one evening of first, men are exempt from tuxedo;They can be satisfied with a jacket and a tie.For women, the evening dress is strongly recommended.Anyway, there are few sprains of uses: you don't dress just anyway when you have the chance to go to Milan's Scala.

This evening in January 2019, the room is full, as always.On the program: Attila, by Giuseppe Verdi, a work created in 1846 at the Fenice de Venise, which had the honor of inaugurating the Milanese lyric season, on December 7.

Characteristic of this period that Verdi himself described as "Anni di Galera" (years of galley), in which he multiplied the creations, building step by step his stature as a poet of an Italian nation in the making, Attila did notnot always had the favors of criticism.The play has been considerably reassessed in recent years and appears more and more on the repertoires of major operas, in Italy or elsewhere.

The intrigue begins in the year 452, in the ruins of the city of Aquilée, formerly jewel of the Empire, while Attila, head of the Huns, celebrates his total victory.When the curtain rises, it is indeed a decor of desolation that we discover, but it evokes Europe of 1940 rather than the twilight of the Roman Empire of the West. Les guerriers huns ont été, eux aussi, transposés en costumes du XX^e siècle. En cette soirée d’hiver, Attila porte l’uniforme de l’armée du III^e Reich.

By choosing to move the plot in space and time, the director of this contemporary attila, Davide Livermore, did everything except betray.He even, at the bottom, was perfectly faithful.Indeed, if his operas take place in distant times and places, the composer's words, he is never entirely foreign to more or less recent news.To design this opera, Verdi relied on a tragedy written by the German romantic poet Zacharias Werner (1768-1823), Attila, König Der Hunnen (1808) and historical accuracy is not his goal.

Just as the slavery of the Hebrews, in his Nabucco (1842), had quickly been understood by the Milanese public as an evocation of the forced submission of northern Italy to the Habsburg Empire, the fate of the inhabitants ofAquilée also evokes the fate of the Italian nation, hampered by the barbarians from elsewhere.

Infinity of memories

Le bouleversement provoqué par le déferlement des troupes d’Attila en Europe occidentale, au milieu du V^e siècle, a provoqué un choc si profond qu’il s’est transmis au cours des siècles, prenant, avec l’éloignement, une aura surnaturelle, presque intemporelle. Craint comme le « fléau de Dieu » dans le monde catholique, devenu un héros digne d’admiration dans le monde germanique médiéval, comme l’atteste le Chant des Nibelungen, composé au début du XIII^e siècle, on trouve même sa trace dans les sagas islandaises, à des siècles et des milliers de kilomètres du théâtre de son odyssée.

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